Slow magnetic relaxation based on the anisotropic Ising-type magnetic coupling between the MoIII and MnII centers.

Three new complexes containing MnMoIII zigzag chains have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The crystal structure of complex 3 consists of two linkage isomers of the MoIIIMn chains, which correspond to 1 and 2, respectively. Both complex 1 and 3 show slow magnetic relaxation behavior with an energy barrier of Δ/kB = 69.5 K and 68.8 K, respectively, whereas complex 2 is a simple paramagnet. The linear apical MoIII-CN-MnII pairs provide the required magnetic anisotropy for the slow magnetic relaxation.

Two mononuclear single molecule magnets derived from dysprosium(III) and tmphen (tmphen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline).

Two mononuclear Dy(III) complexes, [Dy(III)(hfac)3(tmphen)] (1) and [Dy(III)(acac)3(tmphen)]·2H2O (2) (tmphen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetone, acac = acetylacetone) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Magnetic properties indicate that both of the complexes exhibit SMM behavior, and complex 1 is the first typical derivative of phenanthroline containing D2d-Dy(III) based mononuclear single molecule magnets. The energy barrier (Ueff/kB) of complex 2 (130.42 K) is much higher than that of complex 1 (35.09 K), indicating that the local symmetry of Dy(III) ions (D2d for 1, D4d for 2) plays an important role in magnetic behaviors.

Hetero-tri-spin [2p-3d-4f] chain compounds based on nitronyl nitroxide lanthanide metallo-ligands: synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties.

Employing nitronyl nitroxide lanthanide(III) complexes as metallo-ligands allowed the efficient and highly selective preparation of three series of unprecedented hetero-tri-spin (Cu-Ln-radical) one-dimensional compounds. These 2p-3d-4f spin systems, namely [Ln3Cu(hfac)11(NitPhOAll)4] (Ln(III) = Gd 1Gd, Tb 1Tb, Dy 1Dy; NitPhOAll = 2-(4'-allyloxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide), [Ln3Cu(hfac)11(NitPhOPr)4] (Ln(III) = Gd 2Gd, Tb 2Tb, Dy 2Dy, Ho 2Ho, Yb 2Yb; NitPhOPr = 2-(4'-propoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) and [Ln3Cu(hfac)11(NitPhOBz)4] (Ln(III) = Gd 3Gd, Tb 3Tb, Dy 3Dy; NitPhOBz=2-(4'-benzyloxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) involve O-bound nitronyl nitroxide radicals as bridging ligands in chain structures with a [Cu-Nit-Ln-Nit-Ln-Nit-Ln-Nit] repeating unit. The dc magnetic studies show that ferromagnetic metal-radical interactions take place in these hetero-tri-spin chain complexes, these and the next-neighbor interactions have been quantified for the Gd derivatives. Complexes 1Tb and 2Tb exhibit frequency dependence of ac magnetic susceptibilities, indicating single-chain magnet behavior.

Nitronyl nitroxide-metal complexes as metallo-ligands for the construction of hetero-tri-spin (2p-3d-4f) chains.

A novel approach for the preparation of hetero-tri-spin magnetic compounds is described. It consists in using preformed metal-nitronyl nitroxide complexes as metallo-ligands in an assembling process involving an additional metal centre. This is illustrated by two unprecedented radical-Cu-Ln chain compounds (Ln = Gd(3+), Tb(3+)).

A new family of Ln-radical chains (Ln = Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy): synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties.

Five new one-dimensional rare earth-nitronyl nitroxide radical complexes [Ln(hfac)3(NIT-3BrPhOMe)]n (Ln = Nd (1), Sm (2), Gd (3), Tb (4), Dy (5); hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate; NIT-3BrPhOMe = 2-(3'-bromo-4'-methoxyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazolyl-1-oxyl-3-oxide) have been successfully prepared and structurally characterized. Five complexes possess linear chain structure in which the NIT-3BrPhOMe radical ligands link Ln(hfac)3 units through the oxygen atoms of nitronyl nitroxide groups. DC magnetic studies show that Nd, Sm and Gd complexes are paramagnetic above 2.0 K, whereas Tb and Dy complexes show antiferromagnetic ordering with T(N) = 19.9 K and 6.4 K, respectively. Moreover, Tb and Dy complexes exhibit frequency-dependence of ac magnetic susceptibilities, suggesting the presence of slow magnetic relaxation. This work demonstrated that the substituents of the nitronyl nitroxide radical and the lanthanide ion can play a crucial role in modulating the magnetic behavior for one-dimensional lanthanide-radical systems.

Unprecedented nitronyl nitroxide bridged 3d-4f complexes: structure and magnetic properties.

Two novel 2p-3d-4f compounds, {Ln(hfac)3[Cu(hfac)2]3(NITPhPyrim)2} [Ln = Gd (1), Dy (2)], have been obtained by reacting phenyl pyrimidyl nitronyl nitroxide with Cu(hfac)2 and Ln(hfac)3. These two compounds are the first examples of two-dimensional 3d-4f complexes bridged by nitronyl nitroxide radicals. Overall ferromagnetic behaviors were observed in both compounds.

Syntheses, structures, and magnetic and luminescence properties of a new Dy(III)-based single-ion magnet.

Three new Ln(III) complexes based on 2,2'-bipyridine [Ln(hfac)3(bpy)] (Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2), or Ho (3); hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate; and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) have been synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. Single-crystal X-ray analysis shows that all these complexes contain one [Ln(hfac)3(bpy)] unit in which a center Ln(III) ion is surrounded with a slightly distorted square-antiprismatic LnO6N2 coordination sphere formed by three bischelate hfac anions and one bpy ligand. Both static and dynamic magnetic properties were studied for complex 1, which is proved to be a new single-ion magnet. The luminescence characterizations of complexes 1 and 2 are also studied in this paper.

Single-molecule magnets based on rare earth complexes with chelating benzimidazole-substituted nitronyl nitroxide radicals.

Three rare earth-nitronyl nitroxide radical complexes [Ln(tfa)(3)(NIT-BzImH)] (Ln(III) = Gd 1, Tb 2, Dy 3; tfa = trifluoroacetylacetonate; NIT-BzImH = 2-(2'-benzimidazolyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazolyl-1-oxyl-3-oxide) have been successfully prepared and structurally characterized. X-Ray crystallographic analysis reveals that all three complexes are isomorphous. Their crystal structures consist of mononuclear molecule units in which lanthanide(III) is 8-coordinated to one NIT-BzImH and three trifluoroacetylacetonate ligands. The NIT-BzImH acts as a bidentate ligand via its nitrogen atom of the imidazole ring and the oxygen atom of the N-O group. The magnetic properties of complexes 1-3 were studied. All the three complexes exhibit ferromagnetic Ln(III)-radical coupling. AC magnetic susceptibility studies of 2 and 3 show slow magnetic relaxation suggesting that they behave as SMMs.

Ligand substitution effect on single-molecule magnet behavior in dinuclear dysprosium complexes with radical functionalized phenol as bridging ligands.

Reaction of Dy(hfac)(3)·2H(2)O (hfac = hexafluoroacetyl acetonate) with 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)nitronyl nitroxide (NITPhOH) and 2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)nitronyl nitroxide (NIT5BrPhOH) yielded [Dy(2)(hfac)(4)(NITPhO)(2)] 1 and [Dy(2)(hfac)(4)(NIT5BrPhO)(2)] 2, respectively. These compounds are phenoxo-O bridged binuclear complexes with the radical unit of a ligand coordinated to a single Dy. The Ln centers exhibit a heptacoordinated environment. Despite having very similar structures, these compounds exhibit distinct magnetic behaviors. Compound 1 shows slow relaxation of its magnetization indicating single-molecule magnet behavior, while no frequency-dependent out-of-phase signals were found for complex 2. This difference is likely to result from electronic effects induced by halogen substitution.

2D coordination polymers of macrocyclic oxamide with polycarboxylates: syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties.

Five new 2D coordination polymers, [Co(nip)(CuL)(H(2)O)]·CH(3)OH (1), [Mn(ip)(NiL)]·0.63H(2)O (2), [Cu(ip)(CuL)] (3), [Mn(6)(CuL)(6)(btc)(4)(H(2)O)(4)]·7H(2)O (4), and [Cu(CuL)(Hbtc)(H(2)O)] (5)(ML, H(2)L = 2,3-dioxo-5,6,14,15-dibenzo-1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclo-pentadeca-7,13-diene; H(2)nip = 5-nitroisophthalic acid; H(2)ip = m-isophthalic acid; H(3)btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid) have been synthesized by a solvothermal method and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1-5 exhibit different 2D layered structures formed by Co(2)Cu(2) (1), Mn(2)Ni(2) (2), Cu(4) (3), Mn(3)Ni(3) (4), Cu(4) (5) units, respectively, via the oxamide and diverse carboxylic acid bridges. Compounds 1, 2, 3 and 5 are uninodal 4-connected (4, 4)-grids topology, while complex 4 possesses a 2D network with (3, 4)-connected (4(2).8)(4)(4(3).6(2).8)(3) topology. The results of magnetic determination show pronounced antiferromagnetic interactions in 1-4.

Modulating spin dynamics of cyclic LnIII-radical complexes (LnIII = Tb, Dy) by using phenyltrifluoroacetylacetonate coligand.

Three novel ring-like compounds formulated as [Ln(Phtfac)(3)(NITpPy)](2) (Ln(III) = Gd 1, Tb 2, Dy 3; HPhtfac = 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione; NITpPy = 2-(4-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazolyl-1-oxyl-3-oxide) were synthesized and structurally and magnetically characterized. Three compounds possess cyclic dimer structure in which each pyridine substituted radical links two different metal ions through the oxygen of nitroxide group and the pyridine nitrogen. DC magnetic studies show the Ln(III) ion interacts ferromagnetically with the directly bonding nitronyl nitroxide. Both Tb(III) and Dy(III) clusters show frequency-dependent ac magnetic susceptibilities, indicating single-molecule magnet behavior. It is demonstrated that the ß-diketonate coligand may play an important role in determining the magnetic relaxation for the lanthanide-radical system.

Cyano-bridged terbium(III)-chromium(III) bimetallic quasi-one-dimensional assembly exhibiting long-range magnetic ordering.

A new cyano-bridged Tb(III)-Cr(III) heterometallic complex [Tb(H(2)O)(2)(DMF)(4){Cr(CN)(6)}]·H(2)O (DMF = dimethylformamide) (1), assembled from paramagnetic hexacyanochromium(III) [Cr(CN)(6)](3-) building block and highly anisotropic terbium(III) ion has been prepared and structurally and magnetically characterized. Complex 1 shows one-dimensional (1D) zig-zag chain-like structural motif which is further extended into three-dimensional network through hydrogen-bonding interactions. The long-range magnetic ordering observed in complex 1, which is possibly due to interchain magnetic dipolar interactions, illuminates that this complex is a molecule-based magnet with critical temperature of about 5 K. This higher critical temperature among those of Ln(III)-Cr(III) heterometallic complexes exhibiting long-range magnetic ordering is probably due to the introduction of highly anisotropic terbium(III) ion.

Ligand field-tuned single-molecule magnet behaviour of 2p-4f complexes.

Three new 2p-4f complexes of [Ln(acac)(3)(NIT-2Py)]·0.5NIT-2Py [Ln(III) = Gd(1), Dy(2)] and [Dy(tfa)(3)(NIT-2Py)]·0.5C(7)H(16) (3) (NIT-2Py = 2-(2'-pyridyl)- 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide; acac = acetylacetonate and tfa = trifluoroacetylacetonate) have been synthesized, and structurally and magnetically characterized. The X-ray structural analysis exhibits that the three complexes show similar mononuclear structures, in which NIT-2Py radical chelates the Ln(III) ion through the oxygen atom of the NO group and the nitrogen atom from the pyridine ring. The static magnetic measurements on the three complexes exhibit ferromagnetic coupling between the lanthanide ion and the radical. Compared to the silence of the out-of-phase ac susceptibility of complex 3, the magnetic relaxation behavior of complex 2 is observed, suggesting single-molecule magnet behavior. The different magnetic relaxation behaviours of 2 and 3 are due to their slightly different crystal structure around the Dy(III) ions. It was demonstrated that the spin dynamic can be modified by the careful adjustment of the ligand field around the metal center.

A new enneanuclear nickel(II) cluster with a rectangular face-centered trigonal prism structure and cluster glass behavior.

An enneanuclear nickel(II) complex with a rectangular face-centered trigonal prism structure bridged by µ(2)-pyrazolate, µ(6)-CO(3)(2-) and µ(3)-OH(-) groups was synthesized. It displays cluster glass-like magnetic behavior assigned to the single molecule magnet properties of {Ni(9)} clusters and weak intercluster interaction.

Structural evolution and magnetic properties of Co(II) coordination polymers varied from 1D to 3D constructed by 1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene.

Seven Co(II) coordination polymers, [Co(btx)(3)(H(2)O)(2)](ClO(4))(2)·(btx)·2H(2)O (1), [Co(btx)(3)(H(2)O)(2)](BF(4))(2)·(btx)·2H(2)O (2), [Co(btx)(2)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2)·2H(2)O (3), [Co(btx)(2)Cl(2)] (4), [Co(btx)(BA)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2HBA (5), [Co(btx)(IPA)] (6) and [Co(3)(btx)(3)(BTA)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] (7) (btx = (1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene), HBA = benzoic acid, H(2)IPA = isophthalic acid, H(3)BTA = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized. 1 and 2 are isostructural and show a 1D Co-µ(2)-btx-Co chain structure, in which btx acts as both a bridging and terminal ligand. 3 is also a 1D chain structure but different from 1 and 2. The Co(II) ions are bridged by double µ(2)-btx to form Co(2)-btx(2) rings, which were further connected into 1D chains by sharing the Co(II) ions of the rings. 4 exists as a 2D grid with (4,4) topology structure. When aromatic acid was introduced to the synthetic system, three other coordination polymers 5-7 were obtained. In 5, the 1D chain is as that of 1, except that the terminal ligand was replaced by BA(-). 6 shows a two-fold parallel interpenetration framework featuring a 6-c uninodal net with (3(3),4(6),5(5),6) Schlafli topological symbol. 7 is an interesting 3D framework, which contains a 2-nodal net motif with the unprecedented (3(6),4(2),5(6),6)(3(9),4(9),5(3))(2) topology structure. The influence of the varieties of the structures and magnetic properties are studied and discussed in detail.

A new type of polyhedron-based metal-organic frameworks with interpenetrating cationic and anionic nets demonstrating ion exchange, adsorption and luminescent properties.

An interesting new MOF, built with interpenetrating cationic (MOF-A(+)) and anionic (MOF-B(-)) nets that do not require counter ions to balance charge, together with an architectural strategy focused on the use of MOPs as nodes and MOCs as spacers for the generation of 3D frameworks, is reported.

Coordination-perturbed single-molecule magnet behaviour of mononuclear dysprosium complexes.

By changing the ratio of reactants, two mononuclear Dy complexes, [Dy(phen)(acac)(3)] (1) and [Dy(phen)(2)(NO(3))(2)(acac)]·H(2)O (2) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. In 1, a Dy atom bearing square-antiprism coordination geometry exhibits SMM behaviour, while compound 2 with a bicapped-square-antiprism geometry does not show such SMM properties. The different magnetic behaviours seen in 1 and 2 are probably due to a different coordination environment and ligand field around the Dy(III) ions. The results proved the important influence of the structural environment of a SMM on its magnetic behaviour.

Coordination polymers of macrocyclic oxamide with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate: syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties.

Solvothermal reactions of mixed ligands H(3)BTC and macrocyclic oxamide complexes (ML, M = Cu, Ni) with M(ClO(4))(2)·6H(2)O (M = Co, Zn, Ni and Cd) afford six new complexes, including [M'(4)(BTC)(2)(ML)(2)(OH)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O (M' = Co, M = Ni, for (1); M' = Zn, M = Ni, for (2); M' = Zn, M = Cu, for (3)), [Ni(3)(BTC)(2)(NiL)(2)(H(2)O)(6)]·2CH(3)OH·2H(2)O (4), [Cd(4)(BTC)(2)(HBTC)(NiL)(4)(H(2)O)]·3H(2)O (5) and [Cd(HBTC)(CuL)]·H(2)O (6) (ML, H(2)L = 2, 3-dioxo-5, 6, 14, 15-dibenzo-1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclo-pentadeca-7,13-dien; H(3)BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid). Complexes 1-3 consist of a 2D layer framework formed by the linkage of M(II)(M = Ni, Cu) and M'(4) (M' = Co, Zn) cluster via the oxamide and BTC(3-) bridges and display a (3,6)-connected network with a (4(3))(2)(4(6).6(6).8(3)) topology. The structure of 4 consists of pentanuclear [Ni(II)(5)] units and arranges in a 1D cluster chain. Complex 5 exhibits a 2D layered structure characterized by 3,4,3-connected (4.6(2))(3)(4.6(3).8(2))(4(2).6(3).8)(4(2).6) topology. Complex 6 possesses a 3D network with sra topology. The magnetic properties of complexes 1 and 4 were investigated.

Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of a novel family of heterometallic nonanuclear Na(I)2Mn(III)6Ln(III) (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy) complexes.

The structures and magnetic properties of four isomorphous nonanuclear heterometallic complexes [Na(2){Mn(3)(III)(µ(3)-O(2-))}(2)Ln(III)(hmmp)(6)(O(2)CPh)(4)(N(3))(2)]OH·0.5 CH(3)CN·1.5H(2)O are reported, where Ln(III) = Eu (1), Gd (2), Tb (3) and Dy (4), H(2)hmmp = 2-[(2-hydroxyethylimino)methyl]-6-methoxyphenol. Complexes 1-4 were prepared by the reactions of hmmpH(2) with a manganese salt and the respective lanthanide salt together with NaO(2)CPh and NaN(3). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the six Mn(III) and one Ln(III) metal topology in the aggregate can be described as a bitetrahedron. The two peripheral [Mn(III)(3)(µ(3)-O(2-))](7+) triangles are each bonded to a central Ln(III) ion with rare distorted octahedral geometry. The magnetic properties of all the complexes were investigated using variable temperature magnetic susceptibility and both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions exist in the [Mn(III)(3)(µ(3)-O(2-))](7+) triangle. Weak ferromagnetic exchange between the Ln(III) and Mn(III) ions has been established for the corresponding Gd derivative. The Gd, Tb and Dy complexes show no evidence of slow relaxation behaviour above 2.0 K.